Fig. 1 · C# to F##

interval

C♯ augmented fourth

C♯lowerF𝄪upperA46 half steps

A perfect fourth widened by a half step. Same sound as the diminished fifth, different letter, different behaviour.

On the keyboard

F𝄪C#
Fig. 2

What is true of it

C♯ up a augmented fourth is F𝄪: 6 half steps, and 4 letters counting both ends.

Turn it upside down — put the C♯ on top — and it becomes a diminished fifth. The two numbers always add to nine, and the two sizes to twelve.

It is a dissonance.

Six half steps can be written two ways: C♯ to F𝄪 is a fourth, C♯ to G is a fifth. They sound the same and behave differently.

Every interval on C♯

C♯ → Dminor second · dissonanceC♯ → D♯major second · dissonanceC♯ → Eminor third · imperfect consonanceC♯ → E♯major third · imperfect consonanceC♯ → F♯perfect fourth · perfect consonanceC♯ → Gdiminished fifth · dissonanceC♯ → G♯perfect fifth · perfect consonanceC♯ → Aminor sixth · imperfect consonanceC♯ → A♯major sixth · imperfect consonanceC♯ → Bminor seventh · dissonanceC♯ → B♯major seventh · dissonance

C A4D A4D♯ A4E♭ A4E A4F A4F♯ A4G♭ A4all 204